Wrinkle drying oil siccative



United States Patent WRINKLE DRYING OIL SICCATIVE Folsom E. Drummond, Washington, D. C., assignor to The Commonwealth Engineering Company of Ohio,

Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application August '27, 1952, Serial No. 306,720

2 Claims. (Cl. 106-264) This invention particularly appertains to coating compositions which dry to a wrinkle finish when applied on a surface and allowed to dry under normal atmospheric conditions or through the application of heat and/ or forced air.

Briefly, the invention consists in the provision of a coating composition of the character described comprising as a fatty oil vehicle, or a drying oil accelerator, glycerides of conjugated C18 hydroxy fatty acids. The conjugated hydroxy fatty acids and their glycerides useful for carrying out the present invention are the isomeric hydroxy eleostearic acids. Mixtures of the glycerides of one or more of these fatty acids together with or without free fatty acids constitute the preferred fatty oil mixture.

It is an object of this invention to provide a novel drying oil vehicle for coating compositions by the incorporation of substantial amounts of glycerides of the aforementioned hydroxy fatty acids therein as an addition agent for accelerating the drying or wrinkling thereof.

Another object of this invention is to provide a drying oil blend or vehicle consisting of the glycerides of isomeric hydroxy eleostearic acids or mixtures of these glycerides with the free fatty acid and which may be incorporated into a drying oil coating composition 'to produce a product having accelerated drying properties.

Wrinkle drying compositions have been compounded heretofore utilizing vegetable drying oils such as Chinawood oil or oiticica oil, containing conjugated double bond glycerides, or such as linseed oil, containing acid glycerides with unconjugated double bonds which are capable of being isomerized to conjugated positions by heat treating. See for example, The Science of Wrinkle Finishing by W. A. Waldie (1949), Appendix A. Further, it has been disclosed in a publication Proceedings of Indian Academy of Science, in an article by S. V. Puntambekar, that the fatty oil from the seeds of Mallotus philippinensis Muel-Arg probably contain glycerides of polyethenoid Cm and isomeric eleostearic fatty acids.

The present invention is based on the utilization of fatty acid glycerides of isomeric hydroxy eleostearic acids which may be represented by the following:

(a) gonnan2 9-on=on-oH=onon=o-on,ooon

(b) canon? lon=on-on=on-onzc=on-o 0 on This invention is based on the utilization of a mixture of the glycerides of these C18 hydroxy fatty acids which are utilized as a siccative in the production of wrinkle drying fatty oil compositions or as a smooth-finish drying accelerator or concentrate.

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The mixture of glycerides of the fatty hydroxy acids, and wherein at least one hydroxyl is attached to a carbon atom either as a terminal or intermediate group, appears to provide synergistic catalytic action on the drying characteristics of the fatty oil vehicle. This appears probable since the fatty glycerides 'of eleostearic acid, such as found in China-wood oil, and commonly used in preparing wrinkle finishes, do not exhibit the accelerated drying characteristics as the conjugated isomeric eleostearic acids. Thus, the drying oil vehicle of this invention which comprises the combination of the glycerides of these C13 hydroxy eleostearic acids are utilized as a siccative or concentrate for blending with such paints and fatty oil drying compositions to improve their drying characteristics.

In accordance with the present invention, it is possible to produce wrinkle drying compositions which air dry in a shorter time than tung oil or China-wood oil compositions, the invention providing a composition having im proved drying characteristics over that of like compositions containing tung oil.

Preferably the percentages of the desired mixture of hydroxy fatty acid glycerides constitute upwards of 60%, and generally or more of the fatty oil vehicle, particularly Where it is desired to produce wrinkle drying compositions. The glycerides may also be introduced in lesser amounts for the production of non-wrinkling smooth drying finishes.

in practicing the invention a blend of the hydroxy fatty acid glycerides is preferably made up as by suitably mixing the fatty acid glycerides together in the desired proportions, or by incorporating the glycerides with a small amount of fatty oil, for example employing a vegetable drying oil such as linseed oil, tung oil or the like, to form a homogeneous mixture.

A suitable composition may consist of a mixture of the glycerides of the fatty acids of (a), (-b), (c) and (d) referred to above, or chiefly one of the C18 fatty acid glycerides, or any suitable combination of two or more of these wherein as a chief glyceride constituent there is utilized a glyceride of an isomeric hydroxy eleostearic acid. It is also contemplated that a suitable siccative may comprise a mixture of the isomeric hydroxy eleostearic acid glycerides with a lesser amount of the free fatty hydroxy acid.

Where it is desired, in some instances, utilization may be made of a suitable mixture of the hydroxy eleostearic acid when a suificient amount of polyalcohol materials are present in the mixture and are reacted with the fatty acid to produce glycerides thereof or a mixture of the glyceride with free fattyacid.

Among the various oils suitable for blending with the glycerides of the hydroxy fatty acids are linseed oil, blown linseed oil, soya oil, castor oil, as well as fish and marine mammal oils, and others such as used commonly to cheapen or extend coating compositions. The extending oil may be present in amounts constituting 0l00% of the total blend of oils, depending upon the rate of drying desired. The mixture of oils is achieved by cold blending. The addition of suitable oil soluble driers, for example, metal naphthenates o-r phthalates, may be made as desired to enhance the drying properties.

The hydroxy fatty acid glycerides or blends of same with drying or semi-drying oils may also be compounded with suitable resins, natural and synthetic, as are compatible. Among resins which may be used are kauri, congo, damar, pontianak, manila, phenol-formaldehyderosin, resin modified maleic esters, glycerol-phthalic esters and others. The coating compositions containing these resins may be either air dried or baked to produce a dry, smooth or wrinkled, flexible, water-resistant film. Air

drying is especially feasible where large amounts of the hydroxy fatty acid glycerides are present.

A typical example of wrinkling oil blends is:

Example I 7 Parts by weight Fatty oil 20 to 40 C18 hydroxy fatty acid glycerides 80 to 60 As the fatty oil constituent there may be used drying r semi-drying oil which is compatible with the hydroxy fatty acid glycerides. Bodied linseed oil, tung oil, soya oil and oiticica oil are specific examples of fatty oils which may be used.

As exemplary of a suitable wrinkle finish varnish which Example III Parts by weight Amberol F-7 100 C18 hydroxy fatty acid glycerides 160 Xylol 140 Naphtha (V. M. P.) 80 Cobalt naphthanate (6% Co) 1.5 Lead naphthanate (24% Pb) 3.0 Antiskinning (as in Example II) 0.1

As an example of a suitable non-wrinkling finish varnish which may be employed, the following formula is given:

Example IV Parts by weight Amberol F-7 100 C18 hydroxy fatty acid glycerides 32 Soya oil 128 Toluol 150 Naphtha (V. M. P.) 110 Cobalt naphthanate (6% Co) 1.5 Lead naphthanate (24% Pb) 1 Antiskinning (as in Example II) 0.2

In preparing the resinous-fatty acid glycerides of Examples II, III and IV, the resins are first dissolved in the aromatic thinner; this is followed by addition, in turn, of the aliphatic thinner, the oil component, the antiskinning agent and the driers, the latter two items being optional.

Where it is desired to provide a highly flexible fast drying film incorporation of the hydroxy fatty acid glycerides in glycerol phthalate or other alkyd type formulations can be accomplished by careful reaction techniques so as to prevent premature polymerization. Further, where enamels or colored films are desired, suitable pigments may be included in the vehicles of the hydroxy fatty acid glycerides by grinding the pigment with a portion of the vehicles, per usual pigmentation methods.

The coating composition may be applied by brushing, spraying, dipping, or the like. To this end, it is only necessary that the coating adhere to undercoating or the uncoated surface.

It will be understood that it is desired to comprehend within this invention such modifications as come within the scope of this invention as hereinbefore described, and as set out more particularly in the appended claims.

Having set forth fully my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A Wrinkle drying fatty oil siccative consisting of a mixture of fatty drying oil and conjugated fatty acid glycerides of hydroxy isomeric eleostearic acids, the latter fatty acid glycerides constituting about to about by weight of the siccative.

2. A wrinkle drying fatty oil siccative consisting of a mixture of fatty drying oil and conjugated fatty acid glycerides of hydroxy isomeric eleostearic acids, the fatty oil being present by weight from about 20% to 40% and said fatty acid glycerides from about to about 60% by weight of the siccative.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,950,417 Root Mar. 13, 1934 2,268,022 Drummond Dec. 30, 1941 2,381,653 Drummond Aug. 7, 1945 2,455,540 Waldie Dec. 7, 1948 2,510,905 Raczynsky June 6, 1950 2,517,838 Carleton Aug. 8, 1950 2,623,888 Nichols Dec. 30, 1952 

1. A WRINKLE DRYING FATTY OIL SICCATIVE CONSISTING OF A MIXTURE OF FATTY DRYING OIL AND CONJUGATED FATTY ACID GLYCERIDES OF HYDROXY ISOMERIC ELEOSTEARIC ACIDS, THE LATTER FATTY ACID CONSTITUTING ABOUT 60% TO ABOUT 75% BY WEIGHT OF THE SICCATIVE. 